Tracheostomy

What is a tracheostomy?

A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that involves creating a small opening in the neck into the windpipe, or trachea. This is typically done when someone cannot breathe through their nose or mouth because of an obstruction. Tracheostomies are often performed in emergencies and are also used for long-term care in individuals with certain medical conditions.

Understanding Tracheostomy

A tracheostomy is performed to provide long-term breathing assistance or to bypass an upper airway obstruction. This procedure is done under general anesthesia to ensure patient comfort. The surgeon makes a small incision in the front of the neck to create a stoma, through which the trachea is accessed. A tracheostomy tube is then inserted and secured with sutures or a special device.

Various equipment is used during a tracheostomy to ensure a successful outcome. This includes a scalpel for the incision, forceps to hold tissues apart, and the tracheostomy tube itself. These tubes come in different sizes and designs to suit each patient’s needs. Common types include cuffed tubes, which create a seal to prevent air leakage; fenestrated tubes, which allow the patient to speak; and metal tubes for long-term ventilation.

At Lee Health, we prioritize providing comprehensive information about medical procedures like tracheostomy. Our experienced healthcare professionals are committed to delivering high-quality care and ensuring patient safety. If you have questions or concerns about tracheostomy or any other medical procedure, please feel free to contact us.

Risks and Complications

While tracheostomies are generally safe and effective, they come with potential risks and complications. One primary risk is bleeding, which is rare, but surgeons use special techniques to control and minimize it for proper healing.

Infection is another possible complication, with symptoms like redness, swelling, and increased pain at the surgical site. Maintaining cleanliness and following proper hygiene practices can reduce this risk, and prompt medical attention is necessary if an infection occurs.

Accidental decannulation, where the tracheostomy tube is accidentally removed, can happen due to physical activities, coughing, or improper handling. Patients and caregivers should learn how to secure the tube properly and recognize signs of accidental decannulation.

To prevent infections, it's crucial to maintain good hygiene. This includes regular cleaning of the tracheostomy site, changing dressings as instructed, and following any prescribed medication regimen. Avoid touching the tracheostomy site with unclean hands and keep the area dry to prevent bacterial growth.

Recovery & Care After Tracheostomy

At Lee Health, our dedicated healthcare professionals are committed to providing comprehensive care and support throughout your tracheostomy journey. We understand the importance of a successful recovery and are here to guide you every step of the way.  To ensure a comfortable recovery your care team will offer support and information related to: 

• Post-operative care instructions: Your healthcare team will provide detailed instructions on how to care for your child's tracheostomy site, including cleaning, dressing changes, and maintaining hygiene. Following these instructions closely helps prevent complications and promotes healing.

• Monitoring and maintaining the tracheostomy site: It is important to regularly inspect the tracheostomy site for signs of redness, swelling, or discharge. Keeping the area clean and dry minimizes infection risk. If you suspect an infection contact your care team right away.

• Rehabilitation and speech therapy: Rehabilitation and speech therapy may be recommended to help restore normal breathing, improve swallowing function, and enhance speech and communication. Your care team will develop a personalized rehabilitation plan.